The son of Bolesław I and Eufemia, the daughter of the Prince of Mazovia, Siemowit. After the death of his father he ruled the Duchy of Cieszyn jointly with his mother and brothers until 1440. In that year he and his brother Władysław were granted part of the Duchy of Cieszyn: to be precise the Cieszyn lands, half of Głogów and the lands that went with it. In 1442 Przemysław took over the independent rule of the Cieszyn lands. After the death of his brother, Władysław, he acquired Głogów, less the part of it which was given to Władysław's widow, Princess Margaret. Prince Przemysław, possibly as a result of the modest income to be earned from his lands, possibly also as a result of great political ambition, became active on the central European political scene. He was first associated with the King of Bohemia, George of Podĕbrady, whose intentions were to maintain the independent position of the moderate wing of the Hussites in Bohemia, while at the same time protecting the country from successive wars with the outside world (e.g. the Hussite wars that had been waged not long previously). At the same time Przemysław maintained close relations with the Polish court. For example in 1454 he entertained Elizabeth Habsburg in Cieszyn on her journey to Cracow for her wedding to the King of Poland, Kazimierz Jagiellończyk. As his political activity shows, he was an advocate of close ties between Cracow and Prague. Przemysław was later involved in the attempts to bring Kazimierz politically closer to George of Podĕbrady. The consequence of these efforts was the congress attended by the two kings’ emissaries in Bytom in 1460 and then the famous meeting of the two kings in Głogów in 1462, where, in fact, the fate of the Bohemian throne was decided – the crown passing to the House of Jagiellon. As a reward for his efforts he received the temporary possession of Wałaskie Międzyrzecze. He took part in King George of Podĕbrady's expedition to Kłodzko in 1466. His links with King George damaged his relations with the powerful city of Wrocław, dominant in Lower Silesia.
      In 1469 he took part in the Olomouc election of the King of Hungary, Matthias Corvinus, to the throne of Bohemia with the backing of the Pope and the Catholic part of the Bohemian states. He enjoyed close relations with the King of Hungary for some time. With the assent of the papal legate, Mark, and the Bishop of Wrocław, Rudolf of Rudesheim, he obtained the right from Matthias to collect indulgences intended for the war with the Turks. Matthias supplied Przemysław several times with money to organise mercenary forces in order to suppress opposition to Matthias in Upper Silesia. In 1473, along with Wiktoryn of Podĕbrady, Prince of Ziębice, Przemysław's kinsman; Jan of Racibórz and Jan of Opava, Przemysław took part in a campaign against an opponent of Matthias Corvinus, Wacław of Rybnik and Pszczyna. The campaign ended in defeat after the princes were defeated at Żory. At that time Matthias Corvinus had charged a nobleman from Niewiadom, Wacław Kropacz, with bringing down Wacław, in exchange for Rybnik and its surroundings. Pszczyna was granted – admittedly only briefly – to Wiktoryn. Przemysław then became indisposed towards Matthias and joined his opponents, which led to Matthias deciding to confiscate the Duchy of Cieszyn from him. An expedition of Polish armies under Jakub of Dębno saved Przemysław from downfall. Przemysław II died in 1477, worn out by anxiety over what was to become of the Duchy of Cieszyn.
      The wife of Przemysław II was Anna (* c. 1446 + 1477/80), the elder daughter of Bolesław IV of Mazovia and the Ruthenian Princess, Barbara. The wedding took place sometime after 1460. There has been speculation in the literature as to whether Anna could have been born as late as 1446. Przemysław and Anna had a daughter, Jadwiga, who later married Stephen Zapolya. Anna became a widow in 1477. She was mentioned in a document for the last time on 19 November 1477, and referred to as deceased in a document of Bolesław II, the Prince of Cieszyn, dated 14 October 1480.

(K. Jasiński, Rodowód, vol. 3, p. 174, footnote 20, O. Balzer, p. 529, I. Panic, Rybnik, pp. 20-21, id., Księstwo, pp. 60-62, id., Vliv olomoucke volby, pp. 151 ff.)