Monuments
Opracowana w listopadzie 2012 r. Gminna Ewidencja Zabytków Miasta Cieszyna zawiera karty adresowe wszystkich chronionych prawnie zabytków zlokalizowanych na obszarze Cieszyna.
Dla zabytków posiadających więcej niż jeden adres została opracowana odpowiednia liczba kart adresowych (2 lub 3 karty), w zależności od liczby posiadanych przez zabytek adresów.
Poniżej znajdują się fotografie wybranych zabytków Cieszyna z krótkimi ich opisami - nie wszystkie figurujące tam zabytki są objęte ochroną prawną.
The Castle Hill
The Castle Hill. The oldest settlement in Cieszyn. From the late 10th century it functioned as a border stronghold of the Polish state and the seat of a Piast castellan, and from around 1290 was the capital of the Cieszyn Duchy. The stone Gothic castle (Upper Castle) was erected in the 14th century and demolished in 1647. After 1653 it served as the headquarters of the Teschen Chamber. The Habsburgs built a Hunting Castle here, which served them as a summer residence until 1918. (It currently houses Cieszyn Music School and the Silesian Castle of Art and Enterprise)
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The Tower of Ultimate Defense
The Tower of Ultimate Defense. Built in the second half of the 13th century. The four-metre thick walls provided short-term defence even in the case of the castle being seized by invaders.
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The Piast Tower
The Piast Tower. Erected in the second half of the 14th century as an element of the fortification of the Princes’ Gothic castle. The upper parts were added in the 15th century and decorated with the coats of arms of the Cieszyn Princes in stone.
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The Hunting Castle (Lower Castle)
The Hunting Castle (Lower Castle). Designed by J. Kornhäusel of Vienna in Viennese neoclassical style and built between 1838 and 1840 on the foundations of the Lower Castle of the Cieszyn Princes as the summer residence of the Habsburgs.
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The Castle Chapel of St. Nicholas and St. Wenceslas
The Castle Chapel of St. Nicholas and St. Wenceslas. A Romanesque rotunda built in the 11th century as the first Christian church in Cieszyn Silesia. It functioned as the castle chapel for the castellan and later the Cieszyn Princes. In 1839 it was converted into a neoclassical pavilion and faced with plaster which was removed after the Second World War.
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The National House
The National House. Established in 1901 as the Polish House, the centre of cultural and political life of the Polish community. Earlier, from the late 17th until the 19th century the Black Eagle Inn was located here. It currently houses the Cieszyn Arts and Community Centre.
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The Lutheran Cemetery
The Lutheran Cemetery. Founded in 1887 in ulica Bielska and still in use. Many worthy citizens of the Cieszyn Region are buried there including; Andrzej Cinciała, Helmut Kajzar, Jan Kubisz, Karol Niedoba, Jan Śliwka, Paweł Hulka-Laskowski.
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The Municipal Cemetery
The Municipal Cemetery. Founded in 1891. The domed entrance gate contained a bell until 1950. The cemetery has a geometric network of tree-lined paths. On the main avenue can be found the Graves of the Worthy where distinguished citizens of Cieszyn lie, including; Paweł Stalmach, Fr. Józef Londzin, Gustaw Morcinek, Franciszek Popiołek and Ludwik Brożek. Of special interest are the numbered plates cast in the Třinec steelworks and the monument of the Mayor of Cieszyn J. Demel in the form of a coffin on a catafalque. The cemetery also contains the common grave of 81 victims shot by the Nazis.
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The Old Jewish Cemetery
The Old Jewish Cemetery was established in the mid-17th century as the private cemetery of the Singer family and later for the Jewish religious community. It was enlarged several times up until the beginning of the 20th century.
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The New Jewish Cemetery
The New Jewish Cemetery with a funeral home designed by J. Gartner of Vienna was opened in 1907 (It is now a preserved ruin).
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The Market Square
The present location of the Market Square dates back to the end of the 15th century. Here can be found the most important municipal buildings, including the Town Hall and 16th century Renaissance arcaded town houses, formerly owned by the wealthiest townspeople. The oldest fragments have been preserved only at the level of cellars and ground floors. The town houses situated around the Market Square assumed their present appearance mostly in the 19th and early 20th centuries. At the beginning of the 20th century the square still functioned as a market
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The Monastery of the Hospitaller Order of St. John of God...
The Monastery of the Hospitaller Order of St. John of God and the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The building of the monastery, founded by Baron Adam Borek of Vendryně, was begun in 1697. The church was designed by M. Klein of Nysa and was consecrated in 1714. From the beginning of the 18th century the monks also ran a pharmacy and a hospital there.(it is now a residential care centre for men).
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The Town Hall
The Town Hall. Built after 1496, it was rebuilt and modified several times and finally given its present appearance in 1844 with the façade designed by A. Kment and the interior by J. Kornhäusel, retaining the tower built by I. Chambrez in 1800. The Council Chamber of the Town Council established in 1906 is decorated with the emblems of Cieszyn’s guilds and the coats of arms of Cieszyn noblemen. It houses the offices of the local authority.
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St. George’s Parish Church
St. George’s Parish Church. Initially a chapel built at the turn of the 14th century to adjoin a poorhouse, it was later a subsidiary church and is now a parish church. Extended at the beginning of the 19th century, certain Gothic features have been preserved, for example a vault keystone with a carved shield depicting the Piast eagle.
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Subsidiary Church of the Holy Cross
Subsidiary Church of the Holy Cross. Originally a chapel attached to the monastery of the Jesuit Order, extended at the beginning of the 18th century. Rebuilt several times, it has retained its Baroque features. The figures of St. Joseph and St. Ignatius of Loyola in the façade were added in the second half of the 19th century.
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The Church of the Holy Trinity
The Church of the Holy Trinity. It was built in 1585 as a wooden chapel on the burial site of victims of the great plague. The brick Gothic church with a Renaissance façade was built in 1594. The neo-Gothic tower was added in 1864 with a bell dating from 1641 founded by Princess Elizabeth Lucretia.
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St. Mary Magdalene’s Parish Church
St. Mary Magdalene’s Parish Church. Founded in the 13th century as the church of the Dominican monastery. It functioned as the final resting place of the Cieszyn Piasts. A tomb effigy, dating back to the turn of the 14th century probably that of Prince Premislaus I Noszak has been preserved. Extensively rebuilt after the 1789 fire, it has since then functioned as the parish church. Some Gothic architectural features have been preserved. The altarpiece was designed by A. K. Schweigel of Brno.
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Convent of the Sisters of Saint Elizabeth
Convent of the Sisters of Saint Elizabeth. Designed by J. Müller of Opava and built between 1900 and 1903. St. Elizabeth’s Chapel (since 1980 a parish church) was built between 1901 and 1902 in neo-Baroque style. St. Elizabeth’s altarpiece was created in St. Ulrich in the Tirol. The complex contains a hospital, originally for women and children.
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The Convent of the Sisters of Mercy of St. Charles Borromeo
The Convent of the Sisters of Mercy of St. Charles Borromeo. Established in 1876 in a town house owned by noble families since the 18th century. In 1878 it was extended to include a neo-Romanesque Holy Family Chapel, and a school for girls. The convent currently runs a residential care centre.
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The Lutheran Church of Jesus
The Lutheran Church of Jesus. Built in late Baroque style between 1710 and 1722 by the architects J. J. Hausrücker and J. Ried of Opava, on the site of a wooden church built in 1709. The tower was added in 1750. The altarpiece by J. Pratzker constructed in 1766 contains The Last Supper painted by F. Oezer
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The Court
The Court. The Viennese Baroque building was opened in 1905 as the District Court serving the whole of Cieszyn Silesia. A statue of Themis by E. Hegenbarth of Vienna is located in the lobby. The prison adjoining the court was built at the end of the 19th century.
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The German House
The tenement at 15 Głęboka Street, which currently houses the Municipal Library, has gone down in CieszyrTs history as the German House [Deutsche Haus]. The building bore this name off icially at the turn of the 20th cen tury, when it was erected in the form in which it is seen today. The history of the premises where it was constructed is, however, like everything in Cieszyn, considerably longer.
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Baron von Cselesta’s boarding school
Baron von Cselesta’s boarding school. Designed by F. Jilg in neoclassical style and built between 1820 and 1824 as a boarding school for the sons of the poor nobility according to the 1796 foundation of Baron Karl von Cselesta. Inside there is a plaque in honour of its founder. The building presently houses departments of the local authority.
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Former Lutheran School (known as the ‘Barn’)
Former Lutheran School (known as the ‘Barn’). Built in 1725 on the site of a former wooden school building dating from 1709. Until 1869 it was the Latin school of the Church of Jesus, and later the Lutheran grammar school.
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The House of the Bludowskis
The House of the Bludowskis. Built in 1719 by Baron George Frederick Bludowski on the site of the Cieszyn princely mint. The façade was redesigned in 1910 by the architect E. Fulda. The Cieszyn Historical Library has been based there since 2000 following adaptation works begun in 1995.
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The Retreat Room
The Retreat Room. Originally erected in 1726 and modified several times since then. It once functioned as a theatre, and today houses a cinema. It owes its present shape and neoclassical appearance to the Viennese architect J. Kornhäusel’s 1847 design.
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The Museum of Cieszyn Silesia
The Museum of Cieszyn Silesia. The building was erected in 1796 as a residence of the Counts Larisch, later owned by the Counts St. Genois and the prominent Cieszyn family the Demels. Built in neoclassical style, a third wing containing a stable was added in the first half of the 19th century. The Cieszyn Museum has been located here since 1931.
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Pod Brunatnym Jeleniem Hotel (The Brown Stag Hotel)
Pod Brunatnym Jeleniem Hotel (The Brown Stag Hotel). Designed by K. Köhler in 1912 in Viennese Art Nouveau style. An inn with the same name stood here from the 18th century onwards.
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The former Town Brewery
The former Town Brewery. Originally built as a malt-house, in 1810 it was converted into the town’s steam-powered brewery in neoclassical style.
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The Three Brothers’ Well
The Three Brothers’ Well. According to folk tales the meeting place of Bolko, Leszko and Cieszko, the founders of Cieszyn and sons of the legendary King Leszko III. The well was located in the gardens of the Dominican monastery in the 15th century. The neo-Gothic cast-iron pavilion dating from 1868 bears commemorative plaques in Polish and Latin. A third one in German was replaced by a relief by Jan Raszka.
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Well with a statue of St. Florian
Well with a statue of St. Florian. A relic of the town’s water supply system. Originally made of wood, it was rebuilt in stone in the mid 16th century. The stone statue of St. Florian on a rectangular plinth in the centre of an octagonal fountain most probably by W. Donay dates from the 1770s.
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The Theatre
The Theatre. Erected between 1908 and 1910 by the Teschen Theatre Construction Association on the site of the former parish church. The theatre which was designed by F. Fellner and H. Helmer of Vienna and built in Viennese neo-Baroque style seats 630 people and has a rotating stage.
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Theatre Square
Theatre Square. Cieszyn’s first market square was located by the parish church, which was originally wooden. Its rebuilding in brick was begun in 1496. Houses belonging to the gentry were situated along ul. Mennicza; among them Pilutek’s House in which Princess Elizabeth Lucretia set up a mint after 1643. After the great fire of Cieszyn in 1789 the church was pulled down and replaced by army barracks. The German Theatre was erected there between 1908 and 1910.
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The Post Office
The Post Office. The Art Nouveau building was designed by M. Dalf and built in 1909 on the site of the former convent of the Sisters of St. Elizabeth dating back to the mid 18th century.
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The Former District Sejm
The Former District Sejm. Councils of the Cieszyn nobility were held here from the end of the 17th century. The building later housed the seat of the local noblemen’s government, the so-called Land Rights Council. In 1779 the Teschen Peace Treaty was signed here. The building was considerably modified in the 18th century. Its interior used to be decorated with numerous coat of arms of Cieszyn nobility.
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The Flanking Tower
The Flanking Tower. A cylindrical tower, part of the defensive walls of the Gothic castle dating back to the 13th and 14th centuries. Its function was to protect the gateway situated on the left and leading to the Upper Castle.
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The Castle Brewery
The Castle Brewery. The brewery at the foot of the Castle Hill, established in 1846. A modern, mechanised brewery designed by J. Kornhäusel replaced the previous one run by the Teschen Chamber in the castle since 1654.
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Ulica Głęboka
Ulica Głęboka. It was originally known as ulica Polska. Since the Middle Ages it has been the town’s main street, leading from the castle to the Market Square. Its name, which is the Polish for ‘deep’, derives from its steep sides; the level of pavements was much higher than that of the street. The town houses built along the street were given their present form at the turn of the 19th century.
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Cieszyn Venice
Cieszyn Venice. Since the Middle Ages there has been an artificial channel feeding the wheels of the town and princely watermills. The 18th and 19th century cottages were once lived in by weavers, drapers and tanners who used the water from the mill race.
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The Monument of Mesco I
The Monument of Mesco I, the first Prince of Cieszyn. Designed by the sculptor Jan Raszka, it was erected in 1931 on the plinth of the monument of Emperor Franz Joseph I by J. Obeth which had stood there between 1908 and 1918.
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The Park of Peace
The Park of Peace. Created on the site of the gardens which witnessed the celebrations accompanying the signing of the Teschen Peace Treaty. The treaty brought the War of the Bavarian Succession to a close. There is a bandstand dating back to 1931 and a sculpture park including a monument of Emperor Joseph II originally unveiled in Plac Dominikański in 1884.
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